What Is an EORI Number?
An Economic Operators Registration and Identification (EORI) number is a unique reference number used by customs authorities across the UK and EU to identify businesses and individuals involved in international trade.
In the UK, EORI numbers start with GB followed by a 12-digit number (e.g., GB123456789000). For businesses also trading with the EU, a separate EU EORI may be required.
Who Needs a UK EORI Number?
You need a UK EORI number if you:
- Import goods into Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales)
- Export goods from Great Britain
- Move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Make customs declarations at UK ports or airports
Without an EORI number, your goods will be stopped at the border and cannot be cleared through customs.
How to Apply for a UK EORI Number
Step 1 — Check if you already have one
If you are VAT-registered in the UK, HMRC may have already issued you an EORI number automatically. Check by searching the EU EORI validation portal or contacting HMRC.
Step 2 — Apply online through HMRC
Visit the GOV.UK website and use the EORI online application service. You will need:
- Your Government Gateway user ID and password
- Your National Insurance number (for sole traders) or UTR (Unique Taxpayer Reference) for businesses
- Your VAT number (if applicable)
- Your business address and contact details
Step 3 — Wait for processing
EORI numbers for UK-based businesses are typically issued within 3 to 5 working days. In some cases, it can be faster.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Applying too late — apply before your first shipment, not when goods are already at the border
- Using the wrong business type — your EORI must match your legal business structure
- Not getting an EU EORI — if you are trading with EU countries, you may also need a separate EU EORI registered in an EU member state
How We Can Help
We assist businesses and individuals with the EORI application process, checking your submission for accuracy before it is sent to HMRC. We can also advise on whether you need an EU EORI in addition to your UK registration.
Get in touch for a free consultation.